What are the symptoms of external hemorrhoids?
External hemorrhoids are a type of hemorrhoids that occur below the dentate line of the anal canal and are formed by skin inflammation, hypertrophy, connective tissue hyperplasia, or thrombosis and stasis of the external hemorrhoidal venous plexus or anal margin folds. The symptoms of external hemorrhoids are usually obvious, and patients often seek medical attention because of pain, itching, or discomfort. The following are the common symptoms and detailed analysis of external hemorrhoids.
1. Main symptoms of external hemorrhoids
| Symptoms | Specific performance | possible reasons |
|---|---|---|
| pain | Persistent or intermittent pain around the anus, especially during bowel movements | Thrombosis or inflammatory stimulation |
| swelling | A soft or hard lump on the edge of the anus | Varicose veins or blood clots |
| itching | Itching of the skin around the anus, which may be accompanied by discharge | Mucus irritation or infection |
| bleeding | A small amount of bright red blood during bowel movements, usually on the surface of the stool | Mucous membrane damage or friction |
| Foreign body sensation | Feeling of swelling or foreign body protruding from the anus | Prolapse or hyperplasia of hemorrhoids |
2. Classification and corresponding symptoms of external hemorrhoids
According to pathological manifestations, external hemorrhoids can be divided into the following four types, and the symptoms of each type are slightly different:
| Type | Typical symptoms | Features |
|---|---|---|
| Thrombotic external hemorrhoids | Sudden severe pain, purple-black induration | Blood clots due to ruptured veins |
| Inflammatory external hemorrhoids | Redness, swelling, heat, pain, and obvious tenderness | Mostly caused by infection or friction |
| connective tissue external hemorrhoids | Skin tag-like proliferation, no obvious pain | chronic inflammation or fibrosis |
| Varicose external hemorrhoids | Soft swelling that enlarges during defecation | Venous return disorder causes |
3. Causes of external hemorrhoids and high-risk groups
The occurrence of external hemorrhoids is related to many factors. The following people need special attention:
| inducement | high risk groups | Prevention advice |
|---|---|---|
| Sitting or standing for long periods of time | Office staff, driver | 5 minutes of activity every hour |
| constipation or diarrhea | People with irregular diet | Increase dietary fiber intake |
| pregnancy | late pregnancy women | Avoid using the toilet for long periods of time |
| Spicy diet | Spicy people | Reduce irritating foods |
4. Treatment and daily care of external hemorrhoids
If symptoms of external hemorrhoids occur, the following measures can be taken to relieve discomfort:
| Treatment | Applicable situations | Things to note |
|---|---|---|
| Warm water sitz bath | mild swelling or pain | 2 times a day, 15 minutes each time |
| topical medications | Anti-inflammatory and analgesic | Use ointment as directed by your doctor |
| surgical resection | Thrombotic or large hemorrhoids | Keep the wound clean after surgery |
In addition, daily attention should be paid to:Avoid sitting and standing for long periods of time,Keep your anus clean,Drink more water and eat high-fiber foods, to reduce the risk of recurrence.
5. When do you need medical treatment?
If the following situations occur, it is recommended to seek medical treatment in time:
1. The pain lasts for more than 3 days without relief;
2. Large amount of bleeding or repeated bleeding;
3. Hemorrhoids cannot be retracted or become incarcerated;
4. Accompanied by fever or purulent discharge.
外痔虽常见，但通过合理的生活方式调整和及时治疗，多数患者可有效控制症状。若您有相关疑虑，建议咨询专业医生获取个性化建议。
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